What factors affect the service life of self-aligning roller bearings? (II)
Release time:
2025-06-10
What factors affect the service life of self-aligning roller bearings? (II)
IV. Lubrication and Sealing
Lubricant Selection
Grease types: Lithium-based grease, complex lithium-based grease, etc. are suitable for different temperatures (-30°C to 120°C) and load conditions. Grease aging or mixing will result in loss of lubrication performance.
Oil lubrication parameters: Insufficient oil viscosity, supply pressure, and flow rate can lead to boundary friction or dry friction.
Contamination control: Mixing water or dust (particle size > 10μm) in grease will accelerate abrasive wear.
Sealing Performance
Seal failure (such as aging of lip seals or excessive clearance in labyrinth seals) can cause lubricant leakage or intrusion of external contaminants.
Special sealing materials (such as fluororubber) should be used in high-temperature, high-humidity, or corrosive environments.
V. Working Environment
Temperature and Thermal Management
Long-term high temperatures (>120°C) will accelerate grease deterioration and material annealing, while low temperatures (<-20°C) will cause grease hardening and failure.
Thermal expansion caused by temperature differences may change the clearance, which can be compensated by axial preloading or expansion clearance.
Vibration and Noise
Unbalanced loads or eccentric installation can cause vibration, leading to fretting wear (formation of reddish-brown Fe₂O₃ powder on the surface) or fatigue fracture.
Abnormal noises (such as roller slipping sounds) often indicate poor lubrication or the early stage of contact fatigue.
Corrosive Media
Acid, alkali, or salt spray environments can corrode metal surfaces, forming pitting sources. Non-stainless steel bearings require additional protection (such as plating or coating).
VI. Maintenance and Monitoring
Regular Maintenance
Insufficient grease replenishment cycle (such as calculated by operating hours) or untimely replacement can lead to lubrication failure.
Failure to regularly clean impurities in the bearing housing or check the condition of seals will accelerate the wear process.
Condition Monitoring
Failure to detect abnormalities through vibration analysis (such as spectrum monitoring), temperature sensors, or oil ferrography analysis at an early stage will miss the maintenance opportunity.
Ignoring initial fault signals (such as slight abnormal sounds, temperature rise) will lead to the expansion of faults.
VII. Application Condition Compatibility
Industry Characteristics:
Metallurgical and mining machinery (high load, high dust) require high-load-bearing bearings + enhanced sealing;
Motors and pump equipment (high speed, light load) require low-friction, high-precision bearings.
Shaft and Bearing Housing Stiffness:
Flexible shafts or bearing housing deformation can cause bearing misalignment, disrupting normal contact conditions, especially when the self-aligning performance is not fully utilized.
Summary: Directions for Life Optimization
Design Stage: Precisely calculate loads based on working conditions, select materials and clearances, and optimize structural parameters (such as increasing roller convexity to reduce edge stress).
Manufacturing Control: Improve processing accuracy (such as raceway roughness Ra ≤ 0.8μm), and strictly control quality inspection (such as flaw detection, clearance measurement).
Usage and Maintenance: Standardize installation procedures, perform regular lubrication and cleaning, and equip with online monitoring systems (such as SKF Enlighten) for early warning of abnormalities.
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