What aspects should be noted during the operation test of self-aligning roller bearings?
Release time:
2025-06-19
What aspects should be noted during the operation test of self-aligning roller bearings?
The operation test of self-aligning roller bearings is a crucial step to ensure their normal operation and the reliability of the equipment. It requires strict control from multiple dimensions such as speed control, temperature rise monitoring, vibration and noise detection, lubrication status assessment, and load adaptability. The following are specific precautions and operation standards, which are explained in combination with industry norms and actual application scenarios:
I. Speed and Running Time Control (Gradual Principle)
1. No-load Test Run Stage
Speed Gradient:
Initial Start: Run at low speed (300-500 r/min) for 10-15 minutes to observe if the bearing operates smoothly;
Stepwise Speed Increase: Increase the speed by 20% every 15 minutes until it reaches 50% of the rated speed (e.g., if the rated speed is 1500 r/min, increase to 750 r/min first), and run for 30 minutes;
Full Speed Operation: Finally, increase to the rated speed and run for 1-2 hours (for large bearings, extend to 4 hours).
Key Objective: To eliminate installation stress through low-speed running and avoid severe friction between the rollers and raceways due to direct high-speed operation.
2. Load Increment Rules
When conducting tests under load, load should be increased in stages according to 25% → 50% → 75% → 100% of the rated load, with each stage running for 1 hour, and monitor all parameters simultaneously.
Example: For a 22340 bearing used in construction machinery (rated load 250kN), first load 62.5kN and run for 1 hour. If no abnormalities are found, increase to 125kN, and so on.
II. Temperature Rise Monitoring (Core Safety Indicator)
1. Temperature Measurement Points and Tool Selection
Measurement Locations:
Middle of the outer ring (1/3 of the radius from the edge): Use an infrared thermometer (accuracy ±1℃), with a distance of 10-15cm;
Inner Ring Temperature (indirect monitoring): If the shaft is accessible, measure the shaft neck temperature + 10-15℃ (empirical value, calibration is needed due to differences in heat conduction).
Temperature Rise Standards:
At an ambient temperature of 25℃, the temperature rise of the outer ring should be ≤35℃ (i.e., the temperature should be ≤60℃). If it exceeds 40℃, the machine should be stopped immediately;
Special Conditions (such as high-temperature environments): The actual temperature of the bearing should be ≤120℃ (exceeding 120℃ may cause the grease to carbonize, and exceeding 150℃ may reduce the tempering strength of the bearing material).
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